Hemagglutinin-esterase glycoprotein (HE Figure Figure1 1I). Include spike (S), nucleocapsid protein (N), membrane (M), small envelope protein (E), and 9, 11 Structural proteins encoded by the genome of these viruses Nonstructural proteins, represents approximately 67% of the entire genome, while accessoryĪnd structural proteins are encoded by other ORFs. Number of open reading frames (ORFs) ranging from 6 to 11. The positive-sense RNA genome of coronaviruses is 26 to 32 kb in size and has a variable Syndrome (ARS) and MERS in 2002/20, respectively. Transmission of the virus and vice versa was observed with the outbreak of acute respiratory They cause infections in the upper respiratory tract of chickens, while they induce diarrhea
The symptoms caused by these viruses are different in other animal species for example, Systems, leading to both mild symptoms such as colds and fatalities such as MERS. (MERS) and severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) coronaviruses are other human beta-groupĬoronaviruses in humans can cause infections in respiratory, gastrointestinal, and liver Humans by alpha (229E, NL63) and beta (OC43, HKU1) groups. TheĬoronavirinae subfamily is composed of alpha, beta, gamma, and delta groups which infect The family ofĬoronaviridae is classified into two groups, Coronavirinae and Torovirinae. Mesoniviridae, and Roniviridae are the families of the Nidovirales. These virusesĬonstitute the largest group in the order of the Nidovirales. In chickens 1 and humans 2, 3 in the 1930s and 1960s, respectively. This group of viruses was first identified Surface, these viruses are called coronaviruses (in Latin, “corona” means Because of the crown-like structure on their Coronaviruses, a large human and animal pathogen, are a group ofĮnveloped viruses and have an RNA genome. This devastating disease has caused a huge number of deaths worldwide, and the death toll is The emergence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), also knownĪs the new coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19), was first seen in Wuhan, China in December 2019. Here, we review contemporary studies on the detection Sample to reach a result), high sensitivity and precision, portability, and no need for CRISPR-based COVID-19ĭiagnostic systems have advantages such as a high detection speed (i.e., 30 min from raw Therapeutic programs based on the efficient CRISPR system. With the globalĬOVID-19 outbreak, different groups have begun to design and develop diagnostic and
Researchers to develop CRISPR-based diagnostic and therapeutic methods. Speed, precision, specificity, strength, efficiency, and versatility have inspired
The benefits of the CRISPR system such as Systems has reshaped molecular diagnosis. Recently, the development ofĬlustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)-based diagnostic Skilled personnel has led to a detection slowdown. Currently, the standard approachįor COVID-19 diagnosis globally is the RT-qPCR test however, the limited access to kitsĪnd associated reagents, the need for specialized lab equipment, and the need for highly Substantial control of the rapid spread of the disease. Viral infection undoubtedly allows rapid intervention, disease management, and The number of cases of COVID-19Īnd its associated mortality have raised serious concerns worldwide. Which has spread rapidly and become a global pandemic. The Instrument platform and the test cartridge each are critical aspects of the GeneSTAT System’s ability to provide testing at the point of need, with minimal laboratory training or experience necessary.The emergence of the new coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) was first seen in December 2019, The results from testing can be read either on the instrument itself or on the attached laptop computer. For situations where a higher testing capacity is desired, multiple instruments can be combined and operated off a single laptop computer. The GeneSTAT® System puts these testing capabilities closer to the provider and patient who needs results quickly, while providing the diagnostic performance seen with larger more complex and costly laboratory molecular testing systems. Appropriate for diverse environments, the low-throughput GeneSTAT Instrument employs a simple, single test format using real-time PCR technology for testing functions, in an instrument with a small footprint with just 4 moving parts. GeneSTAT Molecular Diagnostics, LLC (GMD) has developed a low-throughput, patented, and novel Real-Time PCR system that brings the benefits of molecular testing technology to underserved small to mid-sized community hospitals, physician clinics and rural healthcare facilities where the cost or complexity of other systems has not traditionally been viable.